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ahaau
n00b
Joined: 19 Dec 2004
Posts: 25
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 Posted: Wed Sep 27, 2006 11:22 pm Post subject: It helps a lot to put this howto in gentoo-wiki |
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[quote="gieltje"] | fRIOUX wrote: | | Quote: | | Post it to the gentoo-wiki. |
It allready is there, be it in a different way see http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_build_a_LiveCD_from_scratch.
Mine was a fork of veezi's a long time ago and has it's pro's and cons against this method.
But I could always use some help if you wish to help out a bit. |
http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_build_a_LiveCD_from_scratch in gentoo-wiki is not detailed enough, and doesn't work for me (unionfs, initrd),
It helps a lot to put this howto in gentoo-wiki.
I modified the linuxrc in initrd to boot my liveusb, and I found it's very easy to do initrd with instructions outlined here,
| Code: |
#!/bin/sh
export PATH=/bin
export CDROM=""
while [ "${CDROM}" == "" ]
do
for x in sda1 sdb1 sdc1 sdd1
do
echo "Trying liveusb at ${x}..."
sleep 10
mount -t jfs -oro /dev/${x} /cdrom
if [ "$?" == "0" ]
then
if [ -e /cdrom/livecd ]
then
CDROM=${x}
break
fi
umount /dev/${x}
fi
done
if [ "${CDROM}" != "" ]
then
break
fi
done
echo "LiveCD found in /dev/${CDROM}"
mount -t squashfs -o loop /cdrom/livecd.squashfs /static
mount -t tmpfs none /dynamic
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/dynamic=rw:/static=ro unionfs /union
cd /union
pivot_root . initrd
mount --move /initrd/dynamic /mnt/dynamic
mount --move /initrd/static /mnt/static
mount --move /initrd/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount -t proc none /proc
cat /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
umount /proc
exec chroot . /bin/sh <<- EOF >dev/console
umount /initrd
echo "Starting init!"
exec /sbin/init
EOF
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Sun Oct 01, 2006 6:23 pm Post subject: |
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Ok why the hell did I stop getting notifications??? Geez
Sorry guys I just found out there's a bunch of posts waiting for my attention. I will read them tomorrow.
I also wanted to let you guys know that I'm working on both this project and another unrelated one and I'm splitting time evenly between the two. While it's a long time since the last significant update, there will be a next version of this guide and it's going to be better than the current one. I know I promised an update more than once and didn't deliver anything so feel free to send me spam and hatemail 
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Mon Oct 09, 2006 8:14 am Post subject: Re: Minor Suggestions |
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| peaceful wrote: |
| Quote: | | To get union among the other filesystems you see in menuconfig, download the source and run the patch-kernel.sh therein. Next time you run menuconfig, unionfs will be there. |
It's unclear which unionfs sources should be fetched from where. First I tried fetching the sources for the latest stable unionfs through portage, but there are no stable versions in portage. Next, I googled around and found http://www.filesystems.org/project-unionfs.html
Since there seems to be specific versions of unionfs for specific versions of the kernel, I would assume that you could update the instructions to read something like:
| Quote: | | To get union among the other filesystems you see in menuconfig, download the appropriate version of unionfs for your kernel from the table on http://www.filesystems.org/project-unionfs.html and then untar the tarball, cd into the directory it created, and run patch-kernel.sh /usr/src/linux to patch your current kernel. Next time you run menuconfig, unionfs will be under File systems --> Miscellaneous filesystems --> Union fs support. |
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Will update 
| peaceful wrote: |
The only other issue I ran into so far (I'm just starting step 4) was on step 1:
| Quote: | | I suggest you follow Bob P's stage 1/3 method... |
There's no reference to who Bob P is, or where or what his method is, or even why we ought to follow it.
I'm excited to get through the rest of the guide. Thanks for all your work! |
Bob P's "one over three" installation method is the less likely to give you trouble. It's relatively old now so I don't know if anything has popped up recently but it's mostly guaranteed to produce a perfect base system. I'll try to dig up the link.
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JasonB87
n00b
Joined: 25 Aug 2006
Posts: 11
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| Posted: Tue Dec 19, 2006 1:13 am Post subject: Sound |
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| Alrighty I was wondering if anybody has setup a livecd with sound? |
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paluszak
Apprentice
Joined: 28 Jun 2004
Posts: 228
Location: Warsaw, Poland
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| Posted: Tue Dec 19, 2006 1:44 pm Post subject: Re: Sound |
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| JasonB87 wrote: | | Alrighty I was wondering if anybody has setup a livecd with sound? |
I haven't, but I'll try today, I don't think setting up ALSA would be an issue.
J. |
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JasonB87
n00b
Joined: 25 Aug 2006
Posts: 11
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| Posted: Tue Dec 19, 2006 4:35 pm Post subject: |
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| Awesome I've been meaning to try myself but i've been working on a script that will detect the video card and load AIGLX if possible. It build the xorg.conf from scratch. |
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Wed Dec 20, 2006 7:51 pm Post subject: Re: Sound |
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| JasonB87 wrote: | | Alrighty I was wondering if anybody has setup a livecd with sound? |
Just compile as modules all the soundcard drivers that are safe, the ALSA ones I mean. Debian's "discover" or similiar software (autoconf, or you can make a custom script) will take care of loading the right ones. As far as I know no configuration is needed but I don't know about those fancy 99999 channels soundcards
The next version of the guide will still take some time. I still have to experiment with a lot of things. I hope the current version is good enough atm, you guys keep letting me know about your experience with it.
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JasonB87
n00b
Joined: 25 Aug 2006
Posts: 11
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| Posted: Thu Dec 28, 2006 7:02 pm Post subject: |
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| The guide works great. I have a livecd with gnome and i wrote a crappy little script to detect the video card and set the system up to work with either AIGLX or nVidia's direct rendering stuff lol so I have beryl 1.3 installed and working. But yea the guide was the start to all of that lol. Thank you |
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Thu Dec 28, 2006 9:17 pm Post subject: |
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| JasonB87 wrote: | | The guide works great. I have a livecd with gnome and i wrote a crappy little script to detect the video card and set the system up to work with either AIGLX or nVidia's direct rendering stuff lol so I have beryl 1.3 installed and working. But yea the guide was the start to all of that lol. Thank you |
You're welcome Thanks for the feedback, it motivates me a lot.
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STrRedWolf
n00b
Joined: 02 Sep 2002
Posts: 72
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| Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2007 2:49 pm Post subject: |
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Whew! I think this will be a better LiveCD than all those other guides.
A few hints and tips:
Using Busybox in the initrd: Gentoo always builds a copy of Busybox, which is a small integrated subset of utilities. It currently lives in /bin/busybox. Instead of all those major utilities when building the initrd:
- Copy Busybox over into the initrd's /bin,
- make a /sbin for the initrd
- chroot /mnt/initrd /bin/busybox sh
- In the chroot: 'busybox --install'
This will install all the symlinks for all the utilties we need for the initrd, and then some.
- Exit the chroot.
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2007 3:58 pm Post subject: |
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You're in the guide.
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STrRedWolf
n00b
Joined: 02 Sep 2002
Posts: 72
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| Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2007 5:05 pm Post subject: |
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| Lepaca Kliffoth wrote: |
You're in the guide. |
Thanks, but I've got some corrections: "chroot . /bin/busybox sh" gets you into the shell. Then a "busybox --install -s" will install the symlinks (otherwize they'll be hard).
There's also docs on doing a cpio/gz archive in the vanilla-sources package. I'll extract them out for the guide. |
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2007 5:43 pm Post subject: |
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Corrected and thanks ^^
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STrRedWolf
n00b
Joined: 02 Sep 2002
Posts: 72
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| Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2007 9:15 pm Post subject: |
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I couldn't get cpio/gz working, but I did get the regular version working!
So, some more updates for you:
- These must be compiled into the kernel: ext2fs, iso9660fs, squashfs, unionfs, ramdisk block device, initrd support, loopback block device. I didn't see them be mentioned, so maybe making them explicitly mentioned may help others.
- In /linuxrc, if you decide to go with the Busybox configuration, make sure PATH is set to /bin:/sbin or symlink /sbin to /bin in the initrd.
More as I smack headlong into them. |
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Calandra
n00b
Joined: 05 Sep 2006
Posts: 38
Location: Gubbio (PG)
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| Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 8:55 am Post subject: |
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Hi to all!
I built a livecd using gentoo-catalyst tool, so i hope not to be OT here 
I have got a problem during the boot of my livecd:
During the boot of the latest one, at the
| Code: | | Copying read-write image contents to tmpfs |
step, I have got a lot of error like this:
| Code: | | no space left on device |
I did this test:
I used 2 different machine both with 512 mb of ram
1- Centrino: all was fine;
2- Sempron: error about missing space on device, during the copying image contents to tmpfs;
The livecd is built using
subarch: i686
profile: default-linux/x86/2006.1
and genkernel 3.4.5-r1
Thanks for your help
Luca
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 9:36 am Post subject: |
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| Calandra wrote: | Hi to all!
I built a livecd using gentoo-catalyst tool, so i hope not to be OT here |
Apri un thread sotto Other Things Gentoo oppure cerca un thread su Catalyst, questo thread non c'entra nulla :p
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Lepaca Kliffoth
l33t
Joined: 28 Apr 2004
Posts: 737
Location: Florence, Italy
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| Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 9:47 am Post subject: |
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| STrRedWolf wrote: | I couldn't get cpio/gz working, but I did get the regular version working!
So, some more updates for you:
- These must be compiled into the kernel: ext2fs, iso9660fs, squashfs, unionfs, ramdisk block device, initrd support, loopback block device. I didn't see them be mentioned, so maybe making them explicitly mentioned may help others.
|
That's covered in the kernel configuration section.
| Quote: | Make sure you choose "Y" for ext2, squashfs and iso9660 filesystem support; you also need initrd support and you should make the default initrd size more than 9 megabytes.
<etc, etc, there's more> |
| STrRedWolf wrote: | In /linuxrc, if you decide to go with the Busybox configuration, make sure PATH is set to /bin:/sbin or symlink /sbin to /bin in the initrd.
More as I smack headlong into them. |
Touching the linuxrc script may lead to premature death. I changed your addition so that it tells to symlink bin to sbin, check it.
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pjf02536
n00b
Joined: 29 May 2005
Posts: 5
Location: Massachusetts, USA
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| Posted: Thu Feb 01, 2007 3:30 am Post subject: |
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TIPS:
for 2.6.18 kernels (probably others too) using busybox in initrd
loop devices
make sure you have a /dev/loop/x directory
| Code: | cd /dev/
mkdir loop
cd loop
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do mknod loop$i b 7 $i; done |
or you can't mount squashfs ....
linuxrc tweaks
use
#!/bin/busybox sh (as symlinks aren't happy till we have a shell)
(note there are fewer library requirements 3 as i recall)
change "mount --move" to "mount -o move ..."
Build Tip:
make a $LIVEDIR/initrd directory and work from there
when you are happy run this script to make your init. be sure to make a /mnt/initrd directory.
build-init script
| Code: |
#!/bin/bash
export LIVEDIR=`pwd`
echo "making initrd from directory"
echo " ... removing old initrd "
# Remove loop
losetup -d /dev/loop0
rm boot/isolinux/initrd
echo "Making a new init ..."
dd if=/dev/zero of=${LIVEDIR}/boot/isolinux/initrd bs=1M count=8
echo " Setting up new init"
# make sure loop is usable
modprobe loop
losetup /dev/loop0 ${LIVEDIR}/boot/isolinux/initrd
mkfs.ext2 /dev/loop0
echo"Mount it to work on it:"
mount /dev/loop0 /mnt/initrd
cp -av initrd /mnt/
echo "To remove init mount:"
umount /mnt/initrd
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ok here is the modified linuxrc script, I added a few echos so we can follow it on boot
| Code: |
#!/bin/busybox sh
export PATH=/bin
for x in hda hdb hdc hdd
do
mount -t iso9660 /dev/${x} /cdrom
if [ "$?" == "0" ]
then
CDROM=${x}
break
fi
done
if [ "${CDROM}" == "" ]
then
echo "FATAL --- LIVECD NOT FOUND"
exec /bin/busybox sh
exit
fi
echo "LiveCD found in /dev/${CDROM}"
echo " Setting loop for Squashed FS"
losetup /dev/loop0 /cdrom/livecd.squashfs
mount -t squashfs -o loop /cdrom/livecd.squashfs /static
echo " Mounting dynamic fs"
mount -t tmpfs -o size=300 none /dynamic
echo " Creating a perfect union"
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/dynamic=rw:/static=ro unionfs /union
cd /union
echo " and making the union the ROOT FS"
pivot_root . initrd
echo " Moving mountpoints around , dynamic static and CD"
mount -o move /initrd/dynamic /mnt/dynamic
mount -o move /initrd/static /mnt/static
mount -o move /initrd/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
echo " Mounting a proc to make an mtab"
mount -t proc none /proc
cat /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
umount /proc
echo "FINALLY starting a new session"
exec chroot . '/bin/bash' <<- EOF > dev/console 2>&1
umount /initrd
echo "Starting init!"
exec /sbin/init
EOF
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ahaau
n00b
Joined: 19 Dec 2004
Posts: 25
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| Posted: Tue Feb 06, 2007 10:49 pm Post subject: can we detect the livecd/liveUSB partition by UUID? |
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instead of search within a list, say, hd[a-d]?
the logic device name depends on the booting box/kernel. |
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JeliJami
Veteran
Joined: 17 Jan 2006
Posts: 1086
Location: Belgium
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| Posted: Mon Feb 19, 2007 5:07 pm Post subject: |
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hwsetup segfaults:
| Code: | # hwsetup
Trying method 1......using /sys/bus/pci...OK
Decided to use Linux-sysfs
Segmentation fault
# ls -l /etc/sysconfig/
total 0
|
This leaves me with an empty Driver for the video card (via), hence "no screens found"
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modified_bessel
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 16 Jul 2004
Posts: 101
Location: Cote d'Azur, France
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| Posted: Wed Feb 28, 2007 12:51 pm Post subject: |
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| I would like to use aufs instead of unionfs in your method; however, aufs loads in as a kernel module, and is not compiled into the kernel. Do you see major problems with this? Thanks. |
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mistik1
n00b
Joined: 03 Dec 2006
Posts: 6
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| Posted: Wed Mar 14, 2007 8:14 pm Post subject: Extracting and building an initramfs |
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I noticed that some guys in this thread wanted to be able to use and initramfs vs initrd and since I am working with initramfs only I wrote a little script to help me to work on my initramfs.
I save this as mkinitramfs.sh
| Code: |
#!/bin/bash
if [[ "${DEBUG}" ]]; then
set -x
fi
DIRBASE=INITRAMFS
tempdir=${ITEMP:-$PWD}
WORKDIR=${tempdir}/${DIRBASE}
# utility functions
usage() {
echo "Usage: ${0##*/} [-e initramfs]|[-m initramfs]"
echo -e "\t-e </full/path/to/initramfs-image> "
echo -e "\t-m </full/path/to/destination/image>"
echo -e "\t-e for extract and -m for make image"
}
if [[ $# -lt 1 ]]; then
echo "Nothing to do exiting......."
exit
fi
while getopts "e:m:" args; do
case $args in
e)
# Extract initramfs
IMAGE=${OPTARG}
[[ -d ${WORKDIR} ]] && rm -rf ${WORKDIR}
mkdir -p ${WORKDIR}
pushd ${WORKDIR} >/dev/null
zcat ${IMAGE}|cpio -i -d -H newc --no-absolute-filenames
popd >/dev/null
break
;;
m)
# Make initramfs
DESTIMAGE=${OPTARG}
if [[ -d ${WORKDIR}/lib ]]; then
pushd ${WORKDIR} >/dev/null
find . | cpio -o -H newc | gzip > ${DESTIMAGE}
popd >/dev/null
else
echo "${WORKDIR} does not appear to be valid"
echo "Doing Nothing"
exit 1
fi
break
;;
\?)
usage
exit 1 ;;
*)
echo "Invalid Argument"
usage
exit 1 ;;
esac
done
|
If you use genkernel to create your initramfs you can extract it by just running the script like this.
| Code: | | mkiniramfs.sh -e /path/to/initramfs |
If you have not set and ITEMP variable it will extract the initramfs to ${PWD}/INITRAMFS
You can then | Code: | # cd INITRAMFS
#Do all your mods then
cd ../
mkinitramfs -m /path/to/new/initramfs |
Thats about it you would now have a new initramfs in /path/to/new/
Hope this helps someone out there.
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JDGBOLT
n00b
Joined: 04 Dec 2004
Posts: 14
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| Posted: Tue Apr 24, 2007 3:39 am Post subject: Rewritten linuxrc script |
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I initially started off with the linuxrc file that was in the post, and found it wasn't doing exactly what I wanted to, so I took the script as a base and completely rewrote it to be more modular, I wanted a initrd that I could easily just drop files into, which I created in the images folder on my livecd, and made the script check for the presence of the images directory so that it won't mistake another cdrom for its own. Also had to work around some of the stupidness of the beyond sources that I am currently using for my kernel. You may notice that it looks somewhat like genkernel, I worked with hacking away at genkernel a while ago to get an initrd that would boot my encrypted/lvm filesystems, and kind of liked the modular way of doing things, found it easier to read in a sense and be able to tell what is going wrong. There is plenty of output from this initrd, mostly because I wanted to tell what it was doing in case I made a mistake with typing it up. Also you will notice that I don't unmount the initrd here, whenever I tried it it would say it was busy, so decided to forego it, since it is not really hurting anything. Here are the two scripts:
/linuxrc
| Code: |
#!/bin/ash
export PATH=/bin:/sbin >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "Remounting initrd read-write..."
mount -o remount,rw / >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "Loading modular scripts..."
. /etc/initrd.scripts
echo "Executing startMdev..."
startMdev
echo "Executing findCDRom..."
findCDRom
echo "Executing findImages..."
findImages
echo "Executing mountImages..."
mountImages
echo "Executing mountTmpfs..."
mountTmpfs
echo "Executing mountUnion"
mountUnion
echo "Executing makeUnionMount"
makeUnionMount
echo "Executing pivotRoot"
pivotRoot
echo "Executing mountUnionMount"
mountUnionMount
echo "Chrooting..."
exec chroot . /bin/sh <<- EOF >dev/console
echo "Starting init!"
exec /sbin/init
EOF
|
And here is the /etc/initrd.scripts , yes, the name taken directly from genkernel, used part of it as a base:
| Code: |
#!/bin/ash
runShell() {
/bin/ash
}
startMdev() {
echo "Populating device nodes with mdev busybox udev replacement..."
mount /sys
mount /proc
mdev -s
umount /sys
umount /proc
}
findCDRom() {
echo "Finding CD-ROM device..."
for x in $(ls /dev/hd*)
do
mount -t iso9660 ${x} /cdrom > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" == 0 ]
then
if [ -d /cdrom/images ]
then
CDROM=${x}
break
else
umount /cdrom
fi
fi
done
if [ "${CDROM}" == "" ]
then
for x in $(ls /dev/sr*)
do
mount -t iso9660 ${x} /cdrom >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" == "0" ]
then
if [ -d /cdrom/images ]
then
CDROM=${x}
break
else
umount /cdrom
fi
fi
done
fi
if [ "$CDROM}" == "" ]
then
echo "Cannot find LiveCD, running shell..."
runShell()
exit
fi
echo "LiveCD found at ${CDROM}..."
}
findImages() {
echo "Finding read-only squashfs disk images..."
for x in $(cd /cdrom/images && ls)
do
echo "Found disk image ${x}..."
done
}
mountImages() {
echo "Mounting read-only squashfs disk images..."
loopCount=0
for x in $(cd /cdrom/images && ls)
do
echo "Mounting disk image ${x}..."
losetup /dev/loop${loopCount} /cdrom/images/${x}
mkdir /mnt/${x}
mount -t squashfs /dev/loop${loopCount} /mnt/${x}
loopCount=$(($loopCount + 1))
done
}
mountTmpfs() {
echo "Mounting read-write ramdisk..."
mkdir /ramdisk
mount -t tmpfs ramdisk /ramdisk
}
mountUnion() {
echo "Creating argument list for mounting the unionfs..."
UNIONARGS="dirs=/ramdisk=rw"
for x in $(cd /mnt && ls)
do
UNIONARGS="$UNIONARGS:/mnt/${x}=ro"
done
echo "Unionfs arguments is ${UNIONARGS}"
mount -t unionfs -o ${UNIONARGS} unionfs /union
echo "Unionfs mounted at /union with arguments ${UNIONARGS}..."
}
makeUnionMount() {
echo "Creating mountpoints for squashfs branches in unionfs root"
cd /union
for x in $(cd /mnt && ls)
do
echo "Making mountpoint var/.${x}"
mkdir var/.${x}
done
mkdir mnt/livecd
mkdir var/.ramdisk
mkdir var/.initrd
}
pivotRoot() {
echo "Chrooting into UnionFS Environment..."
cd /union
pivot_root . var/.initrd
}
mountUnionMount() {
echo "Moving squashfs branches into union..."
for x in $(cd /var/.initrd/mnt && ls)
do
echo "Changing branch /var/.initrd/mnt/${x} to /var/.${x}"
mount -o move /var/.initrd/mnt/${x} /var/.${x}
done
echo "Moving ramdisk branch into union..."
mount -o move /var/.initrd/ramdisk /var/.ramdisk
echo "Moving livecd branch into union..."
mount -o move /var/.initrd/cdrom /mnt/livecd
echo "Creating mtab with updated mountpoints..."
mount -t proc none /proc
cat /proc/mounts > /dev/mtab
umount /proc
}
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There might be mistakes in it or doing things the hard way, but, well, this is like the third shell script that I have ever wrote, so cut me some slack. There are a number of enhancements to it, such as using mdev in order to get the device nodes so I don't have to do them all manually, multiple squashfs support, so I can just add files to the cd by putting them into separate squashfs images. I am doing this because I am building this livecd for a project, and there is a piece of it that is subject to change, but I don't want to be generating the main squashfs every time there is a change. I will be switching this over to using aufs, and with this, it is just a simple change of a couple lines. When it boots up, it moves the mounted squashfs directories into /var/.squashfs-name, and I just set it up so I have a 01-root 02..., so I can easily tell it what order to lay everything out. I may at a later point in time modify it to be able to have a disk image that it can look for in the root of another hard drive to be able to keep the changes to it. Let me know if any of you find it particularly useful.
JDGBOLT |
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JDGBOLT
n00b
Joined: 04 Dec 2004
Posts: 14
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| Posted: Thu Apr 26, 2007 5:23 pm Post subject: Fixing the rebooting issue... |
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It is possible to fix the rebooting issue by emerging livecd-tools, and editing the /sbin/livecd-functions.sh file, there is I think near the end a RC_UNMOUNT variable that it sets, I added /var/.* to the end of the argument and now the system goes down peacefully. Since in /etc/init.d/halt.sh it sources the livecd.functions file and looks for that RC_UNMOUNT variable, which tells it what not to try to unmount. A slightly more clean way of handling it than hacking away at the halt.sh file.
JDGBOLT |
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