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rojaro
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Joined: 06 May 2002
Posts: 732
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 Posted: Fri Sep 19, 2003 7:29 pm Post subject: "Kernel support for MISC binaries" & Wine |
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Introduction
Wine is such a nice tool. It finally allows me to run Photoshop 7 (Screenshot) (and many windoze Games that are not available in a Linux version) on my Linux workstation. But if one wants to run some Windows program with it, one always had to run it like "wine /path/to/program.exe" and if one runs windows programs (like Photoshop or even Counterstrike) with wine very often this procedure is getting quiet anoying.
To run those programs more quickly, many people create weird shellscripts or aliases so the program can be run with just one command, instead of running the commandline above. But if you have many tools this method also is also quite anoying, but there is a better alternative :)
How about running Photoshop and any other Windowsprogram just by typing just Photoshop.exe? The following Tutorial shows you how to get it running with Linux 2.6.
Note: The same procedure might apply to older Kernels too, but as i don't have any of them running, i have no easy way to verify this.
Requirements: You need a flavor of wine installed to get this Windows example working.
Step 1.
If you've compiled a Linux Kernel yourself, you've probably noticed the "Executable file formats" submenu in menuconfig with this "Kernel support for MISC binaries" and you've probably left it enabled as it is by default.
To check if you have it enabled just run the following command: | Code: | | grep binfmt_misc < /proc/filesystems |
If this results in a line saying "nodev binfmt_misc" then you're ready to go to step two. Otherwise, you have to recompile your kernel and make sure that you have the CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC option enabled (Executable file formats -> Kernel support for MISC binaries). Don't forget to install the kernel properly and reboot.
Step 2.
Now run the following command
| Code: | | echo 'binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab |
or open the /etc/fstab file with your favorite editor and add the line
| Code: | | binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc defaults 0 0 |
by hand - just make sure it gets mounted AFTER proc has been mounted.
Step 3.
Just type
| Code: | | mount /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc |
Step 4.
Open /etc/conf.d/local.start with your favorite editor and add the following two lines:
| Code: | # Enable support for Windows / DOS binaries by running them automatically with wine
echo ':DOSWin:M::MZ::/usr/bin/wine:' > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register |
and then either run the local.start script or just type the following line again at the shell.
| Code: | | echo ':DOSWin:M::MZ::/usr/bin/wine:' > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register |
This makes it work imediately without rebooting. Now you just give those *.exe files you want to run the executable bit (chmod +x stupid.exe).
Step 5.
Lazy folks like me also want to add the directories containing the Windows binaries into PATH environment variable ... for convenience i added this to my ~/.bashrc
| Code: | # Windows programs locations
WINE=~/.wine/fake_windows/Program\ Files
PATH=$PATH:$WINE/Adobe/Photoshop
PATH=$PATH:$WINE/Halflife
export PATH |
The End
The "Kernel support for MISC binaries" really supports all kind of "binaries" even if they are not technically "executable" binaries. For example you can have native support for Java binaries, MP3 files or whatever as long they get the executable bit. A good example besides Java applets are C64 floppy images (*.d64), which when made executeable could be automatically started with an assigned C64 emulator. There is a good example for Java binaries in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/java.txt how to get this working with Java binaries. The official Documentation for the "Kernel support for MISC binaries" is located in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/binfmt_misc.txt.
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Last edited by rojaro on Fri Aug 12, 2005 12:52 pm; edited 1 time in total |
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aLEczapKA
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Joined: 13 Jun 2003
Posts: 192
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| Posted: Sat Sep 20, 2003 12:21 am Post subject: |
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Great tutorial!
One remark: I had Photoshop under:
| Code: | | .wine/fake_windows/Program Files/Adobe/Photoshop 7.0 |
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TheWart
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Joined: 10 May 2002
Posts: 432
Location: Nashville,TN - USA
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| Posted: Sat Sep 20, 2003 3:04 am Post subject: |
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wow
Nice tutorial.....very helpful tip.
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Face it, we are all noobs.
On the box it said it was designed for Win XP or better, so why won't it work with Linux? |
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Ian
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Joined: 28 Oct 2002
Posts: 834
Location: Somerville, MA
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| Posted: Sat Sep 20, 2003 5:10 pm Post subject: |
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| This would be great, if I could ever get WINE to work in the first place... |
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Jamon
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Joined: 03 May 2002
Posts: 173
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| Posted: Sat Sep 20, 2003 6:08 pm Post subject: |
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Just to help others wondering, this does work exactly as specified under kernel 2.4.20-gaming-r5, and probably other 2.4 kernels as well. Great tutorial! Thanks for this great bit of insight!
Jamon
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alsh
n00b
Joined: 21 Apr 2003
Posts: 60
Location: Glen Allen, VA
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| Posted: Sun Sep 21, 2003 3:59 am Post subject: |
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I found this to be a very handy tip. I tend to use winex a lot to play a few certian games I can't seem to live without. Its a good way to save me time from my old method. Not to mention just cool in general  I use a 2.6 kernel so it worked as specified. Thanks! |
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aLEczapKA
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Joined: 13 Jun 2003
Posts: 192
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| Posted: Sun Sep 21, 2003 12:24 pm Post subject: |
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| Ian wrote: | | This would be great, if I could ever get WINE to work in the first place... |
don't know what the problem is, but here you'll find tutorial on how to run Photoshop under wine
http://lindows.prodigydigital.com/tutorials/photoshop7.html
Maybe this help ya.
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TinheadNed
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Joined: 05 Apr 2003
Posts: 339
Location: Farnborough, UK
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| Posted: Wed Sep 24, 2003 12:53 pm Post subject: Other binaries? |
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I like being able to run windows binaries without specifically calling wine, I remember Redhat being able to do it with a specific wineserver script - presumably it was doing something like this. Very nice!
I'd like to look at adding more binary type support - how do I find the mask of the binary to recognise it? Or is it easier, say, to look by extensions, as binfmt_misc appears to allow you to do?
If anyone's interested, http://www.tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de/~rguenth/linux/binfmt_misc.html is the link to the website for it, but it doesn't much more that isn't in the docs. |
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rojaro
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Joined: 06 May 2002
Posts: 732
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| Posted: Wed Sep 24, 2003 1:58 pm Post subject: Re: Other binaries? |
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| TinheadNed wrote: | | I'd like to look at adding more binary type support - how do I find the mask of the binary to recognise it? |
The "mask" are the so called "magic bits" which you find in any mime-magic file. You probably have already several files on your harddrive you can consult. You might also want to check google :)
| TinheadNed wrote: | | Or is it easier, say, to look by extensions, as binfmt_misc appears to allow you to do? |
Well, you can use both, extension and/or magic bits, although i think it would be best to always use magic bit's if possible, but if you have fileformats that dont ave identifying bits at all, just use the extension.
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was auch immer
n00b
Joined: 05 Sep 2004
Posts: 17
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| Posted: Sun Jul 03, 2005 11:54 am Post subject: |
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hi,
i've tried and treid but without any success ...
i have binfmt_misc compiled into my kernel and it seems to work so far
| Code: |
grep binfmt_misc < /proc/filesystems
nodev binfmt_misc
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but there is no /proc/sys ...
i don't know, where i can find it in order to mount it, can anyone of you help me ?
i appreciate any help i can get
so long |
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rojaro
l33t
Joined: 06 May 2002
Posts: 732
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| Posted: Mon Jul 04, 2005 7:53 am Post subject: |
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| was auch immer wrote: | | but there is no /proc/sys ... |
That's really weird, as the /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc should be there if you have binfmt_misc support enabled in your kernel (even if you dont have it mounted). But whats even more weird is the absence of the /proc/sys directory. It should be available as soon as you have the /proc directory mounted. I think something is really wrong with your Kernel.
However i am using kernel 2.6.12 now, binfmt_misc just works perfectly and i am using it for much more than just windows binaries (e.g. Java & Mono Programms).
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ChojinDSL
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Joined: 07 Jul 2003
Posts: 784
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| Posted: Mon Jul 04, 2005 3:48 pm Post subject: |
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| Just wondering, would this perhaps create a security risk? e.g. if your surfing the web and a malicous html site tries to auto-execute a exe file or something. What about viruses? Or would they only affect your wine installation? |
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desertstalker
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Joined: 18 Sep 2004
Posts: 209
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| Posted: Tue Jul 05, 2005 8:22 am Post subject: |
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| I dont see how a wiondows virus could escape a wine environment. I though that wine runs everything as a non-priverliged user so the worst you could do is stuff up the fake windows install. |
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ChojinDSL
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Joined: 07 Jul 2003
Posts: 784
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| Posted: Tue Jul 05, 2005 1:49 pm Post subject: |
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Well, if it is possible to access your user files via wine, wouldnt a virus be able to as well? Theoretically at least?
Another question, what about dialers? Some webpages automatically try to load a dialer, would that work through wine? |
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genneth
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Joined: 24 Mar 2003
Posts: 152
Location: UK
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| Posted: Tue Jul 05, 2005 1:54 pm Post subject: |
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| ChojinDSL wrote: | Well, if it is possible to access your user files via wine, wouldnt a virus be able to as well? Theoretically at least?
Another question, what about dialers? Some webpages automatically try to load a dialer, would that work through wine? |
http://os.newsforge.com/article.pl?sid=05/01/25/1430222&from=rss
The day that we can run viruses is the day that we've got an opensource windows implementation.
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rojaro
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Joined: 06 May 2002
Posts: 732
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| Posted: Thu Aug 11, 2005 7:04 pm Post subject: |
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... and since somebody just asked ... yes, this still works very well 
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